He died only a year later, and the Irish separatist movement lost direction – until erupting in the 1919 War of Independence. Under Parnell’s leadership, and with the support of the British prime minister, the Irish people hoped to finally establish home rule but when it came out in 1891 that Parnell had been engaging in an extramarital affair with Kitty O’Shea, the wife of a member of the Irish Parliament, the Catholic Church denounced Parnell and he fell from power. Michael Davitt and Charles Parnell were famous separatist leaders of the 1870s and 80s. Irish separatists splintered into two major groups: Fenians, who favored the use of brute force, and constitutional reformists, who chose to follow a more moderate path within the confines of international law. Throughout the 19th century, and especially after the great potato famines of the 1840s, many Irish people felt growing dissatisfaction with British rule and dreamed of becoming a sovereign nation.
Since the Norman invasion in the 12th century, large parts of Ireland had been held under British rule, and in 1801 Ireland became part of the United Kingdom. A significant issue during this period was Irish nationalism and separatism. Portrait takes place during one of the most turbulent and eventful periods of Irish history. A short summary of James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man This free synopsis covers all the crucial plot points of A Portrait of the Artist.
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